A doctoral student must show that he/she has achieved profound knowledge on the field of study, on fields related to it and on general theory of science. Students should also demonstrate ability to apply the methods of scientific research independently and critically within the field of study in question and the ability to independently produce new information.

Doctoral studies + writing and publicly defending a doctoral dissertation.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Admission to studies leading to the degree of Doctor of Philosophy can be granted to an applicant, who has completed either a Master's degree in Finland, a Master's degree or a corresponding degree in a higher education institution abroad, or demonstrated in some other way knowledge and abilities equivalent to a Master's degree.

Doctor of Health Sciences (DHSc)

Admission to doctoral studies leading to the degree of Doctor of Health Sciences can be granted to an applicant, who have completed a Master's degree in Health Sciences or a corresponding Degree.